What is HTML?
HTML is a language which is using for
describing web pages. The full meaning of HTML is Hyper Text Markup Language. HTML is a markup language.
A markup language is a set of markup tags. The tags describe
document content. HTML documents contain HTML tags and plain text.
HTML documents are also called web pages.
HTML
Tags
HTML markup tags are generally
called HTML tags.
How we can write a HTML tag.
Ø HTML tags are keywords (tag names)
surrounded by angle brackets like <html>
Ø HTML tags normally come in pairs
like <b> and </b>
Ø The first tag in a pair is the start
tag, the second tag is the end tag
Ø The end tag is written like the
start tag, with a forward slash before the tag name
Ø Start and end tags are also called opening
tags and closing tags
<tagname>content</tagname>
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HTML Elements
"HTML tags" and "HTML elements" are
often used to describe the same thing.But strictly speaking, an HTML element is everything between the start tag and the end tag, including the tags:
Example of HTML Element:
<p>This is a paragraph.</p>
<h1>This a heading</h1>
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Web Browsers
The uses of a web browser
is to read HTML documents and display them as web pages. The browser
does not display the HTML tags, but uses the tags to interpret the content of
the page.Different types of web browsers:
Google Chrome, Internet Explorer, Firefox, Safari, Opera etc
HTML Page Structure
The <!DOCTYPE> Declaration
The <!DOCTYPE> declaration helps the browser to
display a web page correctly.There are many different documents on the web, and a browser can only display an HTML page 100% correctly if it knows the HTML type and version used.
Common Declarations:
HTML5
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<!DOCTYPE html>
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HTML 4.01
|
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01
Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> |
XHTML 1.0
|
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0
Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> |
HTML Versions
Since the early days of the web, there have
been many versions of HTML:
Version
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HTML
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1991
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HTML+
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1993
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HTML 2.0
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1995
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HTML 3.2
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1997
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HTML 4.01
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1999
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XHTML 1.0
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2000
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HTML5
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2012
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XHTML5
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2013
|
.
.
.
Example of a Sample HTML:
Example Explained
- The DOCTYPE declaration defines the document type
- The text between <html> and </html> describes the web page
- The text between <body> and </body> is the visible page content
- The text between <h1> and </h1> is displayed as a heading
- The text between <p> and </p> is displayed as a paragraph
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